Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies, Vol. 7, n°1 | 2009
نویسنده
چکیده
In Britain, recent years have seen increasing criticism of police ineffectiveness, high-profileincidents of vigilantism and interest in alternatives to traditional policing. In light of thesetrends, this article first considers nineteenth-century community «self-policing», which orderedsocial relations according to a more diffuse distribution of acceptable violence. Second, itaddresses the expansion of the state monopoly on violence and its accompanying expectation ofmore elaborate individual self-control, a «policing of the self.» Third, it suggests ways that thecivilizing process can, in certain contexts, generate tensions if this «civilizing bargain» –exchanging self-policing for state protection – fails to meet community expectations. En Grande-Bretagne, dans les années récentes, on a vu monter la critique de l’inefficacitépolicière, les incidents d’auto-défense et l’intérêt pour des alternatives aux méthodes policièrestraditionnelles. À la lumière de ces tendances, cet article examine tout d’abord les modes derégulation interne aux communautés, qui hiérarchisaient les relations sociales en fonction d’unedistribution plus diffuse de la violence acceptable. Il se penche ensuite sur le développement dumonopole étatique de la violence et les attentes corrélatives à l’égard d’un contrôle de soiindividuel plus élaboré, une « police de soi ». Enfin, l’article suggère de quelle manière leprocessus de civilisation peut, dans certains contextes particuliers, susciter des tensions lorsquecette « transaction civilisatrice » – entre la « police de soi » et la protection étatique – ne comblepas les attentes de la communauté.
منابع مشابه
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies, Vol. 8, n°1 | 2009
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